Tag: thesis

Women in Leadership Today and Societal Roadblocks – Part 6

3 Comments

By Jordan Winberg

The following article is part of a multi-part series of excerpts from the author’s senior thesis. Begin with Part 1.

 

The Glass Ceiling

Furthermore, women seem to hit a “glass ceiling” in their career, presumably due to descriptive and prescriptive gender stereotypes. An impenetrable, invisible barrier, which is, again, thought to be adverse effects of stereotyping, tends to stop women from advancing in male dominated jobs, regardless of competency (Morrison, White, & Van Velsor, 1987).

Continue reading →

Women in Leadership Today and Societal Roadblocks – Part 5

2 Comments

By Jordan Winberg

The following article is part of a multi-part series of excerpts from the author’s senior thesis. Begin with Part 1. 

 

The Impact of Stereotypes

To get a more in depth look at how stereotypes may be effecting women in leadership, it is important to consider the work of Professor Madeline Heilman, Phd. Professor Heilman is a psychologist who has devoted her entire life’s work to investigating how stereotypes can adversely affect how women are evaluated in the workplace. Her first breakthrough was already discussed in the first paragraph of the paper: the lack of fit model.

Continue reading →

Women in Leadership Today and Societal Roadblocks – Part 4

3 Comments

By Jordan Winberg

The following article is part of a multi-part series of excerpts from the author’s senior thesis. Begin with Part 1. 

 

Do Women Lead Worse?

It is now well established that it is possible for social expectations to be harmful to females in leadership in theory. In practice, do women actually lead significantly worse than men? Alice Eagly, PhD, has made significant leaps in the development of the answer to this question.

Continue reading →

Women in Leadership Today and Societal Roadblocks – Part 3

3 Comments

By Jordan Winberg

The following article is part of a multi-part series of excerpts from the author’s senior thesis. Begin with Part 1. 

 

Low Self Esteem Found in Women

In addition to low levels of assertion, lower self-esteem in women may be harming their ability to perform well and/or be perceived as good leaders.

In 2004, Dove beauty products set out to obtain more information about how women view themselves, and how this can affect their life. The study was conducted by issuing surveys to 10 different countries around the world, and 3,200 women, ages 18-64, completed the survey. Results showed that only 2% of their respondents would use the word “beautiful” to describe themselves, a majority of respondents were not satisfied with their appearance, and a majority of respondents equated physical attractiveness with beauty (Etcoff, Orbach, Scott, & D’Agostino, 2004). These results suggest that a majority of women tend to have low self-esteem regarding their outward body image.

Continue reading →

Women in Leadership Today and Societal Roadblocks – Part 2

2 Comments

By Jordan Winberg

The following article is part of a multi-part series of excerpts from the author’s senior thesis. Begin with Part 1. 

Assertiveness in Women: Is it Different from Men?

To begin, aggression/assertiveness is commonly thought to effect leadership ability, an idea supported by scientific evidence. Very low levels of assertiveness are associated with the inability to complete tasks and achieve goals, while markedly high levels of assertiveness are associated with negative relationship building (Ames & Flynn, 2007). Therefore, if women are perceived as having low-levels of assertiveness, they will not be received as being effective leaders (Ames & Flynn, 2007).

Continue reading →